Фазовая диаграмма системы Bi-In

К оглавлению: Другие диаграммы (Others phase diargams)

Bi-In (Bismuth-Indium) H. Okamoto The assessed equilibrium diagram for the Bi-In system is based on the data of [ 83Eva] and was obtained by thermodynamic modeling. The estimated accuracies of the results are с0.5 at.% In and с0.5 C. Bi3In5 was not modeled because the slope of the liquidus is uncertain. The (In) solid solution phase could not be modeled because no data were available. Four stable intermediate phases exist: (1) PbO-type BiIn, with a congruent melting point of 110.0 C; (2) Cr3B5-type Bi3In5, with a peritectic melting point of 88.9 C; (3) Ni2In-type BiIn2, melting congruently at 89.5 C, with ~1 at.% width on the Bi-rich side of the stoichiometry; and (4) In-type e, with a homogeneity range of 88 to 92 at.% In, existing between 93.5 and 49 C. The maximum solubility of In in (aBi) is 0.01 at.% [55Iva]. BiIn is not superconducting at 1.5 K [59Jon]. Metallographic investigation of single crystals grown by a zone-melting procedure indicated that the homogeneity range of Bi3In5 is richer in In at higher temperatures [85Sch]; the range at 20 C extends from 62.5 to 62.66 at.% In, and the composition at the peritectic temperature is ~62.2 at.% In. Bi3In5 may be unstable at low temperatures; the decomposition process may be too slow to be detected, due to the low temperature [73Boo]. BiIn2 is superconducting at 5.6 K [59Jon]. BiIn2 may be unstable at this temperature [73Boo]. However, because the value obtained by [73Boo] is subject to further investigation, the low-temperature instability is not conclusive. The present thermodynamic model indicates that BiIn2 is stable at all temperatures. The maximum solubility of 12.4 at.% Bi in (In) at 72.1 C observed by [49Per] represents a phase boundary of e in the assessed diagram. bSn-type Bi4In was found at -190 C in alloys with 17 с 1 to 22 с 2 at.% In quenched from the liquid state [67Gie]. The same phase was found in a 20 at.% In alloy quenched to -190 C after holding at 1.2 to 2.5 GPa and ~100 C for 24 h [75Deg1]. The superconducting transition temperature of Bi4In is 6.3 K [82Deg]. Bi3In is a transition phase between Bi4In and g, with a narrow concentration range (about 4 at.%) around 25 at.% In [67Gie]. The same phase was found in a 25 at.% In alloy quenched to -190 C after holding at 1.2 to 2.5 GPa and ~100 C for 24 h [75Deg1]. Originally, the so-called X phase was found in 20 to 50 at.% In alloys as a high-pressure phase. Over time, the existence of a few different phases in the X region became known. [83Deg] showed that the alloys of this composition range consist of at least five pressure-induced phases. X was found coexisting with other phases in alloys with 20 to 30 at.% In quenched to -190 C after treatment at 2.0 GPa and 100 C [75Deg1]. X was nearly pure at 30 at.% In. [ 82Deg] obtained pure X in alloys of 30 and 33 at.% In treated at 5.0 GPa and 220 C, 40 at.% In treated at 2.0 GPa and 140 C, and 50 at.% In treated at 5. 0 GPa and 200 C. The superconducting transition temperature of X is 7.95 K at 30 at.% In and 7.02 K at 50 at.% In [82Deg]. In alloys quenched from the liquid, g occurs in two concentration ranges, 28 to 47 (с2 )and 53 to 57 (с2) at.% In, straddling the equilibrium phase BiIn [ 67Gie]. The same phase was found in a 30 at.% In alloy quenched to -190 C after maintaining 1.2 to 2.5 GPa and ~100 C for 24 h [75Deg1] and also in a wide range from 20 to 54 at.% In quenched to -190 C after treating at >>5.0 GPa and >220 C [82Deg]. The superconducting transition temperature of g is 7. 2 K at 40 at.% In and 5.1 K at 50 at.% In [82Deg]. g1, with orthorhombic symmetry, was found in a 50 at.% In alloy quenched to - 190 C after a treatment at 3.0 GPa and 150 C [82Deg]. The superconducting transition temperature of g1 is 7.7 and 5.2 K at 40 and 50 at.% In, respectively [82Deg]. g2 was found in alloys with 30 to 50 at.% In quenched to -190 C after treatment at 6.0 GPa and 100 C. The superconducting transition temperature of g2 is 4.9 K at 50 at.% In [82Deg]. BiIn› forms from g1 containing 50 at.% In on heating to approximately -120 C [ 82Deg]. The lattice parameters of BiIn› are different from those of stable BiIn. BiIn› transforms to BiIn at about 20 C [82Deg]. However, other investigators did not find anomalies in lattice parameters at low temperatures. Further confirmation may be needed. [61Pal] found metastable Bi2In3, with hexagonal symmetry, in thin films. This phase may correspond to stable Bi3In5 [67Gie]. [67Gie] found a2 in concentration ranges at 60 с 1 and 65 с 1 at.% In, on both sides of the stable Bi3In5. a1 occurs in alloys between 72 с 2 and >85 at.% In when quenched to - 190 C from the liquid [67Gie]. Bi3In5 has a wider composition range of stability at higher pressures [81Deg]. Single-phase Bi3In5 was found in alloys of 33 and 40 at.% In, the former treated at 2.0 GPa and 20 C and the latter treated at 5.0 GPa and 160 to 220 C [81Deg]. BiIn2 also has a wider composition range of stability at higher pressures. Single-phase BiIn2 was found in a 30 at.% In alloy treated at 3.0 GPa and 150 C [81Deg]. [82Deg] studied the phase diagram of 30 and 50 at.% In alloys for pressure ranges up to 2 and 6.5 GPa, respectively. Four pressure-induced phases were found at 50 at.% In. Quenching of the alloy to -190 C from regions I, II, III, and IV yielded, respectively, g2, g1, X, and g. It is not known if the high- pressure phases and the quenched phases are identical. 48Mak: E.S. Makarov, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 59, 899 (1948) in Russian. 49Per: E.A. Peretti and S.C. Carapella, Jr., Trans. Am. Soc. Met., 41, 947-958 (1949). 55Iva: G.A. Ivanov and A.R. Regel, Zh. Tekh. Fiz., 25, 39-48 (1955) in Russian. 56Bin: W.P. Binnie, Acta Crystallogr., 9, 686-687 (1956). 58Mak: E.S. Makarov, Kristallografiya, 3, 5-9 (1958) in Russian; TR: Sov. Phys. Crystallogr., 3, 3-7 (1958). 59Jon: R.E. Jones and W.B. Ittner, Phys. Rev., 113(6), 1520 (1959). 61Pal: L.S. Palatnik, V.M. Kosevich, and L.V. Tyrina, Fiz. Met. Metalloved., 11(2), 229-235 (1961) in Russian; TR: Phys. Met. Metallogr., 11(2), 75-80 ( 1961). 67Bru: R.M. Brugger, R.B. Bennion, and T.G. Worlton, Phys. Lett. A, 24(13), 714-717 (1967). 67Gie: B.C. Giessen, M. Morris, and N.J. Grant, Trans. Metall. Soc. AIME, 239( 6), 883-889 (1967). 69Wan: R. Wang, W.C. Giessen, and N.J. Grant, Z. Kristallogr., 129, 244-251 ( 1969). 70Kab: S.S. Kabalkina, T.N. Kolobyanika, and L.F. Vereshchagin, Zh. Eksp. Tero. Fiz., 58, 486-493 (1970) in Russian; TR: Sov. Phys. JETP, 31(2), 259-263 ( 1970). 73Akg: Y.C. Akgoz, J.M. Farley, and G.A. Saunders, J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 34(2) , 141-149 (1973). 73Boo: R. Boom, P.C.M. Vendel, and F.R. deBoer, Acta Metall., 21(6), 807-812 ( 1973). 73Tak: K. Takano and T. Sato, Phys. Lett. A, 44(5), 309-310 (1973). 75Cru: E. Cruceanu, L. Miu, and O. Ivanciu, J. Cryst. Growth, 28(1), 13-15 ( 1975). 75Deg1: V.F. Degtyareva and E.G. Ponyatovskii, Fiz. Tverd. Tela, 17(8), 2413- 2415 (1975) in Russian; TR: Sov. Phys. Solid State, 17, 1593-1594 (1975). 75Deg2: V.F. Degtyareva, thesis, Inst. Steel Alloys, Moscow (1975) in Russian, quoted in [78Fed]. 75Whi: T.J. White, J.H. Davis, and H.U. Walter, J. Appl. Phys., 46(1), 11-13. 76Ott1: G.H. Otto, J. Less-Common Met., 45(1), 163-171 (1976). 77Kub: R. Kubiak, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem., 431, 261-267 (1977) in German. 78Cur: P.D. Currie, T.R. Finlayson, and T.F. Smith, J. Less-Common Met., 62, 13-24 (1978). 78Fed: V.K. Fedotov, E.G. Ponyatovskii, V.A. Somenkov, and S.Sh. Shil'shtein, Fiz. Tverd. Tela, 20(4), 1088-1096 (1978) in Russian; TR: Sov. Phys. Solid State, 20(4), 628-632 (1978). 79Ell: M. Ellner, J. Less-Common Met., 68(1), 99-103 (1979) in German. 81Deg: V.F. Degtyareva, S.A. Ivakhnenko, E.G. Ponytatovskii, and V.I. Rashchupkin, Fiz. Tverd. Tela, 23(6), 1630-1635 (1981) in Russian; TR: Sov. Phys. Solid State, 23(6), 951-954 (1981). 82Deg: V.F. Degtyareva, S.A. Ivakhnenko, E.G. Ponyatovskii, and V.I. Rashchupkin, Fiz. Tverd. Tela, 24(5), 1360-1367 (1982) in Russian; TR: Sov. Phys. Solid State, 24(5), 770-774 (1982). 83Eva: D.S. Evans and A. Prince, Met. Sci., 17(3), 117-121 (1983). 84Rod: O. Rodzinakova, P. Formacek, and A. Chovan, Prakt. Metallogr., 21(6), 294-298 (1984). 85Sch: L.M.W. Schreurs and H.M. Weijers, J. Cryst. Growth, 71(1), 155-162 ( 1985). Submitted to the APD Program. Complete evaluation contains 5 figures, 5 tables, and 57 references. Special Points of the Bi-In System